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. 2005 Dec 20;3(2):e17. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030017

Figure 4. IL-1 Stimulates RINm5F Cell DNA Damage in a Nitric Oxide-Dependent Manner.

Figure 4

Treatment of RINm5F cells for 24 h (B) or 48 h (C) with IL-1 (10 units/ml) resulted in DNA damage, as determined by TUNEL staining (green fluorescence). DNA damage was attenuated by NMMA (E and F). The apoptosis inducer camptothecin (25 μM) stimulated DNA damage (D), and this DNA damage is morphologically distinct from that induced by IL-1. Nuclei are stained with DAPI (blue). The morphological differences in TUNEL staining, the loss of nuclear membrane integrity in response to IL-1 (B and C) and the condensation of DNA in response to camptothecin (D) are highlighted using white arrows. The levels of DNA damage in control cells (A) were less than 5%. Results are representative of three independent experiments.