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. 2005 Dec 20;3(2):e17. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030017

Figure 10. Nitric Oxide-Dependent Release of HMGB1 from Cytokine-Treated Human Islets.

Figure 10

Human islets (200 islets in 400 μl of complete CMRL-1066) were treated with a combination of IL-1 (50 units/ml), IFN-γ (500 units/ml), and TNF (50 nM) in the presence or absence of the NOS inhibitor AG (2 mM) or treated with staurosporine (1 μM) alone.

(A) Following 48h -incubation the supernatant was removed and nitrite production was determined using the Griess assay. The levels of HMGB1 released into the supernatant (s) and contained in the islets (p) were determined by Western blot analysis.

(B) Results indicate that cytokine-stimulated HMGB1 release correlates with nitric oxide production, and that inhibition of nitric oxide production using AG attenuates HMGB1 release from human islets. Similar results have been obtained in three of five independent preparations of human islets.