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. 2026 May 1;18(9):1455. doi: 10.3390/cancers18091455
AI Artificial intelligence
ASCO American Association of Clinical Oncology
ATOM Accelerating Therapeutics for Opportunities in Medicine
AUC Area under the curve
CADe Computer-aided detection
CADx Computer-aided diagnosis
CANDLE Cancer Distributed Learning Environment
CT Computed tomography
ELIC Early Lung Imaging Confederation
EMA European Medicines Agency
ESMO European Society for Medical Oncology
FDA Food and Drug Administration
HER2 Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
IASLC International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
LLM Large language models
MoDaC NCI Predictive Oncology Model and Data Clearinghouse
MRI Magnetic resonance imaging
NCCN National Comprehensive Cancer Network
NCI National Cancer Institute
NMR-QCS Normalized membrane ratio-quantitative continuous scoring
NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer
PD-L1 Programmed death-ligand 1
PET Positron emission tomography
RAG Retrieval-augmented generation
ROC Receiver operating characteristic
SHaP SHapley Additive exPlanations
TCGA The Cancer Genome Atlas
TPS Tumor Proportion Score
TROP2 Trophoblast cell surface antigen 2
WHO World Health Organization