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. 2026 Apr 30;27(9):4051. doi: 10.3390/ijms27094051
MDD Major depressive disorder
US Ultrasound stress
BDNF Brain-derived neurotrophic factor
TrkB Tropomyosin receptor kinase B
TrkB-FL Full-length tropomyosin receptor kinase B
TrkB-T Truncated tropomyosin receptor kinase B
IL Interleukin
DSM-5 Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition
SSD Somatic symptom disorder
HPA Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal
NMDA N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor
CORT Corticosterone
PSD95 Postsynaptic density protein 95
PSA-NCAM Polysialylated neural cell adhesion molecule
TNF Tumor necrosis factor
MyD88 Myeloid differentiation primary response 88
NF-κB Nuclear factor kappa B
MAPK Mitogen-activated protein kinase
RNA Ribonucleic acid
mRNA Messenger ribonucleic acid
i.c.v. Intracerebroventricular
ANOVA Analysis of variance
SEM Standard error of the mean
RIT Resident–intruder test
SI Social interaction
ARRIVE Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments
RT-qPCR Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction
ELISA Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
cDNA Complementary DNA
GAPDH Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase