Table 1.
Baseline characteristics at index time.
| Characteristic | Supportive (n = 210) | Augmentation (n = 164) | Manual rotation (n = 148) | rOVD (n = 90) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal age, yr | 31.1 (4.4) | 31.0 (4.9) | 30.6 (4.4) | 31.3 (3.8) | .597 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26.5 (3.9) | 26.5 (4.2) | 26.5 (3.4) | 26.4 (3.7) | .992 |
| Gestational age, wk | 39.0 (1.0) | 39.2 (1.0) | 38.9 (1.0) | 39.0 (1.0) | .262 |
| Cervical dilation at index, cm | 6.3 (0.8) | 6.2 (0.8) | 6.2 (0.8) | 7.0 (0.7) | <.001 |
| Age ≥ 35 yr | 43/210 (20.5%) | 39/164 (23.8%) | 26/148 (17.6%) | 15/90 (16.7%) | .448 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 | 41/203 (20.2%) | 34/159 (21.4%) | 23/145 (15.9%) | 14/87 (16.1%) | .535 |
| Gestational age ≥ 41 wk | 8/210 (3.8%) | 6/164 (3.7%) | 5/148 (3.4%) | 3/90 (3.3%) | .995 |
| Nulliparous | 153/210 (72.9%) | 122/164 (74.4%) | 112/148 (75.7%) | 61/90 (67.8%) | .584 |
| Induction of labor | 59/210 (28.1%) | 39/164 (23.8%) | 43/148 (29.1%) | 24/90 (26.7%) | .726 |
| Epidural analgesia | 130/209 (62.2%) | 94/161 (58.4%) | 90/147 (61.2%) | 55/90 (61.1%) | .901 |
| Ruptured membranes at index | 127/210 (60.5%) | 85/164 (51.8%) | 86/148 (58.1%) | 61/90 (67.8%) | .088 |
| Oxytocin exposure prior to index | 64/210 (30.5%) | 36/164 (22.0%) | 34/148 (23.0%) | 17/90 (18.9%) | .098 |
| Meconium-stained fluid | 18/210 (8.6%) | 22/164 (13.4%) | 26/148 (17.6%) | 12/90 (13.3%) | .091 |
| Suspected CPD | 17/210 (8.1%) | 15/164 (9.1%) | 18/148 (12.2%) | 13/90 (14.4%) | .312 |
| FHR abnormality at index | 28/210 (13.3%) | 24/164 (14.6%) | 23/148 (15.5%) | 14/90 (15.6%) | .932 |
| Fetal station distribution at index time (P = .572) | |||||
| Station at index | Supportive | Augmentation | Manual rotation | rOVD | |
| −2 | 21 (10.0%) | 19 (11.6%) | 18 (12.2%) | 9 (10.0%) | |
| −1 | 62 (29.5%) | 57 (34.8%) | 44 (29.7%) | 25 (27.8%) | |
| 0 | 72 (34.3%) | 48 (29.3%) | 45 (30.4%) | 22 (24.4%) | |
| +1 | 39 (18.6%) | 22 (13.4%) | 27 (18.2%) | 21 (23.3%) | |
| +2 | 16 (7.6%) | 18 (11.0%) | 14 (9.5%) | 13 (14.4%) | |
BMI = body mass index, CPD = cephalopelvic disproportion, FHR = fetal heart rate, rOVD = rotational operative vaginal delivery.