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. 2026 May 8;105(19):e48574. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000048574

Table 3.

Delivery mode and maternal outcomes.

Outcome Supportive Augmentation Manual rotation rOVD P value
Spontaneous vaginal 80 (38.1%) 59 (36.0%) 50 (33.8%) 9 (10.0%)
Operative vaginal 15 (7.1%) 19 (11.6%) 39 (26.4%) 36 (40.0%)
Cesarean 115 (54.8%) 86 (52.4%) 59 (39.9%) 45 (50.0%)
PPH ≥ 1000 mL 17/210 (8.1%) 10/164 (6.1%) 11/148 (7.4%) 7/90 (7.8%) .902
OASIS (third–fourth degree) 1/210 (0.5%) 3/164 (1.8%) 2/148 (1.4%) 5/90 (5.6%) .024
Intrapartum fever/chorio 21/210 (10.0%) 17/164 (10.4%) 12/148 (8.1%) 5/90 (5.6%) .556

Overall mode-of-delivery distribution P < .001.

OASIS = obstetric anal sphincter injury, PPH = postpartum hemorrhage, rOVD = rotational operative vaginal delivery.