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. 2026 Apr 29;17:1837813. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1837813

Figure 6.

Panel A shows an illustrated experimental design with a timeline depicting cardiac arrest (CA), CPR and secukinumab injection at 0 and 6 minutes, followed by brain injury detection at three hours in a prone rodent. Panel B presents a bar graph demonstrating significant reductions in brain mRNA levels of IL1B, IL6, CCL2, and CXCL2 in the secukinumab-treated group compared to isotype controls, with significant p-values marked. Panel C displays immunoblot images and a bar graph quantifying protein expressions for Bcl-2, Bax, and Cleaved-Caspase 3, indicating higher Bcl-2 and lower Bax and Cleaved-Caspase 3 in the secukinumab group versus control. Panel D shows TUNEL staining images of brain sections for both groups and a bar graph revealing a lower percentage of TUNEL-positive cells in the secukinumab group, suggesting reduced neuronal apoptosis.

Early inhibition of IL-17A mitigates brain injury and improves neurological outcomes in a porcine CA/CPR model. (A) Schematic representation of the experiment design in pigs. (B) Relative mRNA expression of inflammatory genes in indicated groups after 3 h post-CA/CPR (n = 6). Data were analyzed by Student t test. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. (C) Left panel: Expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins in cerebral cortex from indicated groups after 3 h post-CA/CPR (n = 6). Right panel: Quantification of protein expressions in indicated groups. Data were analyzed by Student t test. ***P < 0.001. (D) Left panel: Representative images of neuron apoptosis in cerebral cortex were visualized by TUNEL staining (n = 6, scale bar = 50 μm). Right panel: Quantification of immunofluorescence staining presented in the left panel (n = 4). Data were analyzed by Student t test. **P < 0.01. CA indicates cardiac arrest; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; IL-17, interleukin-17; TUNEL, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling.