Table 5.
Results of the focus parameters from the included studies
| Authors, year | Preoperative seton | Preoperative biological therapy | Ostomy | Related results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Wainstein et al. [12]a | 100% (8/8) 4–6 weeks | 50% (4/8) of CD | Not reported | |
| Bessi et al. [9]a,b | 100% (87/87) of total pts with CD, median 6 months (4–11 months) | 85% (29/34) of CD | Not reported | No preoperative biological therapy predictive of failure in pts with CD (p = 0.0122) |
| Merlini I’Heritier et al. [11]a,b | 100% (62/62), unknown time | 100% (11/11) of AF with CD | Not reported | |
| Roper et al. [15]a | 76% (31/41) of total, duration not reported | 32% (13/41) of total | 20% (8/21) of total | Longer single-agent immunotherapy associated with better healing rate (p = 0.03) |
| van Praag et al. [16]a | 95% (38/40) of total procedures, AF median 4 months (1–114) | 43% (9/21) of AF (53% of LIFT) | 24% (5/21) of AF (24% of LIFT) | Significantly higher radiological healing rate when biological treatment or immunomodulators used preoperatively |
| Mujukian et al. [13]a,b | 68%, median 11 months (0–27 months) | 38% (38/63) of total | 32% (19/60) of total | Biologics or fecal diversion did not predict fistula healing in the total cohort |
| Egal et al. [10]a,b | 100% (35/35) at least 6 weeks | Medical treatment optimized | Not reported | |
| Seifarth et al. [19]a,b | Not reported | 65% (36/55) of CD | 49% (27/55) CD (12% non-CD) | PTs with CD more likely to have a stoma (no effect on healing rate) |
| Otero-Pinero et al. [14]b | 44% (73/166) of total | 44% (73/166) of total | 51% of total | Seton insertion had negative effect on healing rate, OR 0.42 (95% CI: 0.21–0.83) |
| Sapci et al. [18]b | Not reported | 40% (8/20) of total | 57% (4/7) of AF | Success rate 75% (6/8) for all pts on biological therapy, success rate 75% (6/8) for all pts with stoma |
| Fathallah et al. [17]a | Surgical EUA 2–3 weeks before to confirm good drainage | 100% (20/20) | Not reported |
CD, Crohn’s disease; AF, advancement flap; EUA, examination under anesthesia; LIFT, ligation of intersphincteric fistula tract; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval
astudy with anal fistulas
bstudy with ano/rectovaginal fistulas