Table 7.

Comparison of RSA/ECC-based Patching and BCI-guided Zero-Trust Mechanism Performance.

Metric	RSA/ECC-based Patching	BCI-guided Zero-Trust Mechanism
Patch Authenticity	100% (successful patch verification)	100% (successful patch verification)
Decision Latency	35 ms (average decision delay)	12.3 ms (average decision delay)
Entropy Increase (Risk)	18.3% (high risk in patching)	3.5% (lower risk, better system stability)
Decision Accuracy	N/A (only cryptographic validation)	96.5% (increased decision accuracy with human feedback)