Table 3.
Mean annual change and overall difference in continuous risk factor levels by ethnic group stratum, adjusted for age and test year.
| Men | Women | |||||||
| Mean | UCI | LCI | p | Mean | UCI | LCI | p | |
| Systolic BP | ||||||||
| Model 1a (overall difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Ethnic group difference^ | -4.91 | -6.23 | -3.58 | <0.001 | -1.77 | -3.33 | -0.21 | 0.026 |
| Model 2a (trends by ethnic group) | ||||||||
| Caucasian* | 0.25 | 0.19 | 0.30 | <0.001 | 0.02 | -0.04 | 0.07 | 0.614 |
| South-Asian* | -0.03 | -0.46 | 0.39 | 0.874 | -0.28 | -0.79 | 0.23 | 0.277 |
| Model 3a (Time trend difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Interaction ethnic group × time** | -0.27 | -0.71 | 0.17 | 0.234 | -0.29 | -0.82 | 0.23 | 0.276 |
| Diastolic BP | ||||||||
| Model 1a (overall difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Ethnic group difference^ | -2.87 | -3.72 | -2.02 | <0.001 | -1.87 | -2.82 | -0.92 | <0.001 |
| Model 2a (trends by ethnic group) | ||||||||
| Caucasian* | 0.19 | 0.15 | 0.22 | <0.001 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.12 | <0.001 |
| South-Asian* | 0.18 | -0.11 | 0.46 | 0.228 | -0.13 | -0.44 | 0.17 | 0.387 |
| Model 3a (Time trend difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Interaction ethnic group × time** | -0.22 | -0.54 | 0.11 | 0.187 | -0.22 | -0.54 | 0.11 | 0.187 |
| Cholesterol | ||||||||
| Model 1a (overall difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Ethnic group difference^ | -0.04 | -0.18 | 0.10 | 0.555 | -0.24 | -0.39 | -0.08 | 0.002 |
| Model 2a (trends by ethnic group) | ||||||||
| Caucasian* | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.06 | <0.001 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.05 | <0.000 |
| South-Asian* | -0.08 | -0.12 | -0.03 | 0.001 | -0.06 | -0.10 | -0.004 | 0.033 |
| Model 3a (Time trend difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Interaction ethnic group × time** | -0.01 | -0.06 | 0.04 | 0.763 | 0.02 | -0.04 | 0.07 | 0.581 |
| BMI | ||||||||
| Model 1a (overall difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Ethnic group difference^ | -0.23 | -0.59 | 0.14 | 0.223 | 0.78 | 0.25 | 1.30 | 0.004 |
| Model 2a (trends by ethnic group) | ||||||||
| Caucasian* | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.11 | <0.001 | 0.11 | 0.09 | 0.13 | <0.001 |
| South-Asian* | 0.12 | -0.02 | 0.25 | 0.083 | 0.00 | -0.16 | 0.17 | 0.968 |
| Model 3a (Time trend difference between South-Asian and Caucasian group) | ||||||||
| Interaction ethnic group × time** | 0.05 | -0.07 | 0.18 | 0.401 | -0.12 | -0.29 | 0.06 | 0.190 |
BP: Blood pressure, BMI: Body Mass Index, S-A: South-Asian
^adjusted for age, year, stratified by ethnic group
*adjusted for age, year and ethnic group
**adjusted for age, test year, ethnic group and interaction term "ethnic group × test year"