TABLE 2.
Ped-2E9 cell-based cytotoxicity analysis and characterization of Bacillus species
| Culture (mo-day-yr) or food isolate | Riboprinter identification (Dupont ID) | Sourcea | Hemolysinb | Lecithinaseb | Cytotoxicity (%)c | Presence of the following gened by PCR analysis:
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| bceT | cytK | hblA | nheA | nheB | nheC | ||||||
| Cultures | |||||||||||
| B. cereus PU1 | B. cereus DUP-6001 | Our collection | + | + | 20 ± 2.1 | − | − | + | + | − | + |
| B. cereus NRL 569 | B. cereus DUP-13212 | A. Aronson | + | + | 67 ± 5.3 | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus T | B. thuringiensis DUP-6040 | A. Aronson | − | − | 13 ± 1.1 | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus ATCC 3432 | B. cereus DUP-6078 | B. Applegate | + | + | 55 ± 3.3 | − | − | + | + | − | + |
| B. cereus CA1 | B. cereus DUP-6092 | B. Applegate | + | + | 0.2 ± 1.3 | + | − | − | + | − | − |
| B. cereus CA6 | NT | B. Applegate | + | + | 36 ± 1.3 | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus ATCC 33018 | Bacillus sp., no matching | A. Wong | + | + | 43 ± 2.0 | − | − | − | + | + | + |
| B. cereus F837/76 | B. cereus DUP-6079 | A. Wong | + | + | 17 ± 1.3 | − | − | + | − | − | − |
| B. cereus A926 | B. cereus DUP-6082 | A. Wong | + | + | 88 ± 2.1 | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus F4810 | B. cereus DUP-6012 | A. Wong | + | + | 60 ± 0.9 | − | − | − | + | + | + |
| B. cereus AS4-12 | B. cereus DUP-12561 | J. Handlesman | + | + | 78 ± 2.2 | − | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus MS1-9 | B. cereus DUP-12561 | J. Handlesman | + | + | 80 ± 2.0 | − | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus HS23-11 | B. cereus DUP-12561 | J. Handlesman | + | + | 72 ± 2.0 | − | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus UW85 | B. cereus DUP-11561 | J. Handlesman | + | + | 69 ± 1.4 | − | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. cereus 1230-88 | B. cereus DUP-12561 | J. McKillip | + | + | 82 ± 3.0 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| B. cereus ATCC 14579 | B. cereus DUP-6082 | J. McKillip | − | − | 64 ± 3.0 | + | + | + | + | + | + |
| B. subtilis | B. subtilis DUP-12546 | Our collection | − | + | 1 ± 1.2 | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| B. subtilis PY79 | B. subtilis DUP-12546 | G. Siragusa | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| B. subtilis ATCC 6633 | B. subtilis DUP-12551 | J. McKillip | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | ||
| B. megaterium MA | B. thuringiensis DUP-6044 | A. Aronson | + | + | 53 ± 1.2 | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. megaterium DSM 319 | B. subtilis DUP-9501 | J. McKillip | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| B. megaterium | B. megaterium | G. Siragusa | − | − | − | + | − | − | − | − | − |
| ATCC 9885 | DUP-16973 | ||||||||||
| B. thuringiensis H073 | B. thuringiensis DUP-6034 | A. Aronson | − | − | 37 ± 1.3 | + | − | + | + | + | + |
| B. thuringiensis subsp. | B. cereus DUP-13204 | J. McKillip | ± | + | 74 ± 1.1 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| kurstaki #4 | |||||||||||
| B. thuringiensis subsp. | B. oleronius DUP-17021 | J. McKillip | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| kurstaki #7 | |||||||||||
| B. thuringiensis subsp. | B. cereus DUP-6082 | J. McKillip | + | + | 66 ± 2.8 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| berliner | |||||||||||
| B. lentimorbis #11 | B. thuringiensis DUP-6040 | J. McKillip | + | + | 79 ± 3.7 | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| B. licheniformis #15 | B. pumilus DUP-6073 | J. McKillip | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| B. polymyxa B719 W | Paenibacillus polymyxa | K. Hayes | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| (3-18-76) | DUP-11063 | ||||||||||
| B. polymyxa B719 X | Paenibacillus polymyxa | K. Hayes | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − | − |
| (1-20-65) | DUP-11063 | ||||||||||
| B. polymyxa B719 V | Paenibacillus polymyxa | K. Hayes | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| (8-20-69) | DUP-11063 | ||||||||||
| Food isolates | |||||||||||
| Baclo 2b | B. subtilis DUP-12544 | Lo mein (veg) | − | + | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Baclo 2d | B. subtilis DUP-12551 | Lo mein (veg) | − | + | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Baclo 2e | B. subtilis DUP-6098 | Lo mein (veg) | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| Baclo 3a | B. cereus DUP-6002 | Lo mein | + | − | 15 ± 6.5 | − | − | − | + | + | + |
| BacSR4a | B. subtilis DUP-6098 | Steamed rice | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| BacSpR8a | Bacillus sp., no matching | Spinach rice | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| BacSpR8b | B. subtilis DUP-12546 | Spinach rice | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
| BacSpR8c | B. subtilis DUP-12544 | Spinach rice | − | − | − | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT | NT |
Sources of cultures are as follows: J. Handlesman, Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin; A. Wong, Food Research Institute, University of Wisconsin; B. Applegate, Department of Food Science, Purdue University; A. Aronson, Department of Biology, Purdue University; J. McKillip, Department of Biology, Ball State University; G. Siragusa, USDA-ARS, Russell Research Center, Athens, GA; K. Hayes, Department of Food Science, Purdue University. Veg, vegetable.
Hemolysin activity was determined on 5% sheep blood agar plates, and lecithinase activity was determined on plate count agar containing egg yolk. +, strongly positive; ±, weakly positive; −, negative.
Cytotoxicity values are averages from at least two experiments analyzed in triplicate. Values above 1% were considered positive based on the values produced by a negative-control strain, B. subtilis. −, no cytotoxicity.
+, presence of PCR product; −, absence of PCR product; NT, not tested.