RDA biplots. (A) Different samples in relation to the strongest environmental variables. Open circles, lakes in Svalbard; solid circles, lakes in Lappland; open square, lake in Jämtland; solid squares, lakes in Uppland. (B) Different bacterial groups in relation to the strongest environmental variables. α, Alphaproteobacteria; β, Betaproteobacteria; γ, Gammaproteobacteria; A, Actinobacteria; C, Cyanobacteria; V, Verrucomicrobia. The abbreviations for the lakes are defined in Table 1.