Maternal transmission efficiencies of three heritable symbionts in A. pisum. The proportions of offspring (of injected females) in which symbionts were detected are presented for 8 to 10 (black), 12 to 14 (light gray), or 16 to 20 (dark gray) days postinjection. Fractions above bars represent the number of positive offspring/the total number of screened offspring. Values within bars represent the number of injected parents whose offspring (F1 generation) were screened. Ars, Arsenophonus; Ripisum, A. pisum isolate of “Candidatus Regiella insecticola”; Rieuphorbiaciae, M. euphorbiae isolate of “Candidatus Regiella insecticola.” The results of statistical analyses of these data are presented in Table 1.