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ET efficiency in relation to field strength in the presence and absence of high-frequency oscillations for ET of T. saccharolyticum YS 485. (A) Transformation efficiencies. Symbols: ▴, efficiency without in-line filter preventing high-frequency oscillations; ▪, efficiency with in-line filter. (B) Voltage traces during pulse application at 25 kV/cm without in-line filter (1) and with in-line filter (2). Vertical scale, 5 V/division; horizontal scale, 2 ms/division.
