Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients that developed hyperglycaemia
| Variable1 | Total n = 711 | Hyperglycaemia | COR(95% CI) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No n = 252(%) | Yes n = 459(%) | ||||
| History of | |||||
| Diabetes Mellitus(n = 658)* | 380(57.8) | 74(29.4) | 306(66.7) | 4.8(3.4, 6.7) | 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 216(30.4) | 50(19.8) | 166(36.2) | 2.3(1.6, 3.3) | 0.001 |
| chronic heart disease | 24(3.4) | 5(2.0) | 19(4.1) | 2.1(0.7, 5.8) | 0.137 |
| cerebrovascular disease | 13(1.8) | 1(0.4) | 12(2.6) | 6.7(0.9, 52.1) | 0.068 |
| chronic lung disease | 8(1.1) | 2(0.8) | 6(1.3) | 1.7(0.3, 8.3) | 0.539 |
| chronic liver disease(n = 704)* | 8(1.1) | 2(0.8) | 6(1.3) | - | 0.117 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 8(1.1) | 1(0.4) | 7(1.5) | 3.9(0.5, 31.8) | 0.205 |
| Current treatment before Admission | |||||
| Steroids(n = 543) * | 132(18.6) | 24(9.5) | 108(23.5) | 2.9(1.8, 4.7) | 0.001 |
| Antipsychotics(n = 544) * | 8(1.1) | 1(0.4) | 7(1.5) | 3.9(0.5, 31.8) | 0.205 |
| Dextrose infusions(n = 538) * | 96(13.5) | 24(9.5) | 72(15.7) | 1.8(1.1, 2.9) | 0.023 |
| Thiazide diuretics(n = 540) * | 11(1.5) | 5(2.0) | 6(1.3) | 0.7(0.2, 2.2) | 0.487 |
| Parenteral/Enteral nutrition(n = 545) * | 16(2.3) | 3(1.2) | 13(2.8) | 2.4(0.7, 8.6) | 0.171 |
| Anti-retroviral therapy(n = 541) * | 6(0.8) | 0(0.0) | 6(1.3) | - | 0.068 |
| Current Treatment for DM during Admission | |||||
| Insulin | 292(41.1) | 94(37.3) | 198(43.1) | 1.3(0.9, 1.7) | 0.131 |
| Oral anti-hyperglycemic agents | 91(12.8) | 24(9.5) | 67(14.6) | 1.6(0.9, 2.7) | 0.054 |
| Symptoms(n = 704) * | |||||
| Frequent urination | 23(3.2) | 6(2.4) | 17(3.7) | 1.6(0.6, 4.1) | 0.340 |
| Increased thirst(polydipsia) | 10(1.4) | 4(1.6) | 6(1.3) | 0.8(0.2, 2.9) | 0.762 |
| Increased appetite (polyphagia) | 417(58.6) | 198(78.6) | 219(47.7) | 0.2(0.2, 0.4) | 0.001 |
| Feeling tired or fatigued or weakness(n = 702) * | Tired | 16(6.3) | 68(14.8) | 2.6(1.5, 4.5) | 0.001 |
| weight loss(n = 702) * | 512(72.0) | 205(81.3) | 307(66.9) | 0.4(0.3, 0.7) | 0.001 |
| Headache or/ Blurred vision(n = 701) * | 496(69.8) | 210(83.3) | 286(62.3) | 0.3(0.2, 0.5) | 0.001 |
| Fever(n = 705) * | 100(14.1) | 25(9.9) | 75(16.3) | 1.8(0.1, 2.9) | 0.020 |
| Abdominal pain(n = 699) * | 16(2.3) | 1(0.4) | 15(3.3) | 8.5(1.1, 64.6) | 0.014 |
| Coma(n = 699) * | 142(20.0) | 27(10.7) | 115(25.1) | 2.8(1.8, 4.4) | 0.001 |
| Shortness of breath(n = 704) * | 26(3.7) | 0(0.0) | 26(5.7) | - | 0.001 |
*
Some data is missing.
1
Multiple response is possible