Table 2. Final escape proportions (% ± SEM) of female An. epiroticus field strain exposed to various synthetic and natural repellents using ER assay system.
| Repellents | ER assay | Percent escape | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Treatment | % Corrected* | ||
| Deltamethrin (LC50) | Non-contact | 13.33 ± 4.71 | 36.67 ± 6.38a | 26.93 |
| Contact | 8.33 ± 1.67 | 63.33 ± 1.92b | 60.00 | |
| Permethrin (LC50) | Non-contact | 8.33 ± 1.67 | 56.67 ± 12.62a | 52.73 |
| Contact | 8.33 ± 1.67 | 51.67 ± 16.86a | 47.28 | |
| Alpha-cypermethrin (LC50) | Non-contact | 8.33 ± 4.19 | 45.00 ± 4.19a | 40.00 |
| Contact | 15.00 ± 3.19 | 48.33 ± 5.00a | 39.21 | |
| 5.0% DEET | Non-contact | 11.67 ± 3.19 | 45.00 ± 5.00a | 37.73 |
| Contact | 11.67 ± 5.00 | 68.33 ± 11.34a | 64.15 | |
| 5.0% Vetiver oil | Non-contact | 15.00 ± 1.67 | 25.00 ± 3.19a | 11.76 |
| Contact | 10.00 ± 1.92 | 53.33 ± 3.85b | 48.14 | |
| 5.0% Citronella oil | Non-contact | 6.67 ± 2.72 | 20.00 ± 6.09a | 14.28 |
| Contact | 10.00 ± 1.92 | 46.67 ± 5.44a | 40.74 | |
Notes.
*
Percent escape adjusted with paired controls using Abbott’s formula.
Different letters beside percent escape of treatment group indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) in mean percent escape between non-contact or contact in the same test compound of the same concentration using Mann–Whitney U test.
% w/v means percent of weight (g) of repellent in the total volume of solution. LC50; lethal concentration 50. LC50 of deltamethrin, permethrin, and alpha-cypermethrin are 0.00035%, 0.01030%, and 0.00046%, respectively.