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. 2026 Mar 25;15(4):332. doi: 10.21037/tcr-2026-1-0320

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Open Access Statement: This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0), which permits the non-commercial replication and distribution of the article with the strict proviso that no changes or edits are made and the original work is properly cited (including links to both the formal publication through the relevant DOI and the license). See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0.

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PSM-based survival analysis. (A-D) Kaplan-Meier estimates of PFS (A), OS (B), LRRFS (C), and DMFS (D) after 1:1 PSM in the optimized and matched control groups. CI, confidence interval; DMFS, distant metastasis-free survival; HR, hazard ratio; LRRFS, locoregional relapse-free survival; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; PSM, propensity score matching.