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. 2026 Mar 28;12:121. doi: 10.1038/s41531-026-01319-6

Fig. 4. GlcN and Thiamet G counteract LPS-induced decrease of microglial O-GlcNAcylation in the SN.

Fig. 4

LPS (5 μg) was injected into the SN region of mouse brain. Some groups received intraperitoneal injections of GlcN (200 mg/kg) (A, C) or Thiamet G (20 mg/kg) (B, D) three times a week for 4weeks. A, B Western blot analysis of SN tissue lysates was performed using O-GlcNAc, OGT, OGA, GFAT2, and β-actin antibodies. O-GlcNAc, OGT, OGA, and GFAT2 quantification was normalized to β-actin (n = 3/group). C, D Representative immunofluorescent images for O-GlcNAc (green), Iba1 (red), TH (violet), DAPI (blue), and a merged image of SN in mouse brains. Scale bar represents 50 μm (n = 3/group). Primary microglial cells treated with LPS (400 ng/ml) with or without GlcN (5 mM) (E) or Thiamet G (1μM) (F) for 24 h. Western blot analysis of primary microglia cell lysates was performed using O-GlcNAc, OGT, OGA, GFAT2, and β-actin antibodies. O-GlcNAc, OGA, OGT, and GFAT2 quantification was normalized to β-actin (n = 3/group). Data are presented as mean SEM; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus control, #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 versus LPS. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc multiple comparison test.