Table 2.

Literature comparison of selected heavy metal concentrations (mg kg⁻¹) in samples from quarry influenced environments

Elements	Turhan et al., (2026)	Damola et al., (2021)	Etim and Adie (2012)	Mellese et al., (2025)	Ajibade et al., (2022)	Adetola et al., (2024)	In this study
	XRF	ICP-OES	AAS	ICP-OES	ICP-MS	ICP-OES	ICP-OES
	126 samples	24 samples	6 samples	5 samples	24 samples	10 samples	40 samples
	Perlite samples	Street dust in a quarry	Topsoil samples within the vicinity of limestone quarry	Exploitation sites of sandstones quarry sites	Quarry soil-dust samples	Soils from quarry sıte	Street dust samples within the vicinity of a quarry
Ti	528.3	4010
V	7.1				59.75	24.72	49.42
Cr	64.9	126	11.81	115.41	52.46	0.84	298.17
Mn	383.5	716	512.50			192	3425.68
Fe	6585.4	43,900	11,220.17			4354	17,346.24
Co	7.0	24	13.39		12.40	3.81	432.64
Ni	19.8	56	10.91	10.58	24.25	1.6	37.45
Cu	4.3	25	17.93	13.23	42.22	12.37	231.68
Zn	31.1	65	42.90	15.10	88.66	11.48	384.08
As	4.2	1.7			4.64	1.59	66.27
Pb	26.4	14.8	16.00	19.91	32.83	3.05	128.38
Zr	93.7
Cd		0.1	1.15		0.11		0.46
Mo					1.31	0.69	0.17
U					6.97
Th					34.42
Sr					416.75
Se					0.73	11.63
Al		80,400				1678	21,843.18
Hg						1.51	0.06
Sb						5.52	2.4
Sn						3.6	47.21

Values reported for quarry influenced urban environments in selected international studies. Dust size fractions differ among studies and are reported where available. Concentrations are expressed as mg kg⁻¹. Elements were selected according to their relevance to human health risk assessment discussed in the main text. NR indicates that the element was not reported