Abstract
This report is concerned with a consistent problem of neonatal calf diarrhea (NCD) in a dairy herd in which, for nearly two years, the morbidity had approached 100% and the mortality had varied from 20% to 45%. Generally, diarrhea appeared at three days of age. By the fluorescent antibody tissue section technique the two Nebraska NCD viruses (reo-like and corona-like) were detected in the cytoplasm of many absorptive cells of the small intestine from a calf submitted for necropsy. Reo-like virus antigen was not detected in the absorptive and crypt cells of the colon but coronavirus-like antigen was. An adenovirus was also isolated from the small intestine of this calf. The disease was reproduced experimentally in a two day old colostrum deprived calf with a bacteria free intestinal homogenate obtained from the naturally infected calf. Both Nebraska NCD viruses were demonstrated in this experimental animal. However, the adenovirus was not re-isolated. Histological lesions observed in the small and large intestines of the naturally and experimentally infected calves were similar and because of their good correlation with the immunofluorescent findings, a combination of the two Nebraska NCD viruses was thought to be a major cause of the neonatal calf diarrhea problem afflicting this dairy herd.
Full text
PDF






Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Lambert G., Fernelius A. L. Bovine viral diarrhea virus and Escherichia coli in neonatal calf enteritis. Can J Comp Med. 1968 Apr;32(2):440–446. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mattson D. E. Naturally occurring infection of calves with a bovine adenovirus. Am J Vet Res. 1973 May;34(5):623–629. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mebus C. A., Kono M., Underdahl N. R., Twiehaus M. J. Cell culture propagation of neonatal calf diarrhea (scours) virus. Can Vet J. 1971 Mar;12(3):69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mebus C. A., Stair E. L., Rhodes M. B., Twiehaus M. J. Neonatal calf diarrhea: propagation, attenuation, and characteristics of a coronavirus-like agent. Am J Vet Res. 1973 Feb;34(2):145–150. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mebus C. A., Stair E. L., Rhodes M. B., Twiehaus M. J. Pathology of neonatal calf diarrhea induced by a coronavirus-like agent. Vet Pathol. 1973;10(1):45–64. doi: 10.1177/030098587301000105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Oxender W. D., Newman L. E., Morrow D. A. Factors influencing dairy calf mortality in Michigan. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Mar 15;162(6):458–460. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Radostits O. M. Clinical management of neonatal diarrhea in calves, with special reference to pathogenesis and diagnosis. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1965 Dec 15;147(12):1367–1376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Smith P. C., Cutlip R. C., Page L. A. Pathogenicity of a strain of Chlamydia psittaci of bovine intestinal origin for neonatal calves. Am J Vet Res. 1973 May;34(5):615–618. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Speicher J. A., Hepp R. E. Factors associated with calf mortality in Michigan dairy herds. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Mar 15;162(6):463–466. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Storz J., Eugster A. K., Altera K. P., Olander H. J. Behavior of different bovine chlamydial agents in newborn calves. J Comp Pathol. 1971 Apr;81(2):299–307. doi: 10.1016/0021-9975(71)90104-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]