Skip to main content
. 2026 May 11;17:1802250. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1802250

Figure 2.

Panel A shows histological lung tissue images with magnified insets comparing two groups. Panel B displays a dot plot quantifying mean linear intercept (MLI) values between groups. Panel C presents a heatmap of alveolar marker gene expression with log fold change. Panel D is a clustered heatmap of gene expression profiles. Panels E and F are enrichment dot plots highlighting the top twenty biological processes and pathways, respectively. Panel G features a heatmap of genes enriched in complement and coagulation cascades. Panel H contains immunofluorescence images of lung tissue stained for C5aR1 and DAPI, including merged and zoomed views. Panel I shows a bar graph comparing mean fluorescence intensity of C5aR1 between groups, with statistical significance indicated by an asterisk.

PHypo activates C5aR1 signaling at ALV2. (A) Representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of lung tissues from P7 PAB and sham rat. (B) quantification of mean linear intercept (MLI). (C) Bulk RNA-seq of P7 lung tissues. (D) Cluster analysis of DEGs at P7. (E) GO analysis of upregulated DEGs revealed that the expressions of inflammatory response and immune response were elevated. (F) KEGG pathway enrichment analysis specifically identifying complement and downstream NF-κB signaling. (G) The enrichment analysis of the complement pathways indicated C5aR1 exhibited the most significant differential expression in the PAB group. (H) Representative C5aR1 staining in the sham and PAB groups. C5aR1 (Green); DAPI (Blue). (I) Quantification of C5aR1 intensity. *: P ≤ 0.05.