Table 1.
Participants characteristics
| Variable | Mean (n = 163) |
SD | Min | Max |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (%) | ||||
| Women | 74.8 | |||
| Men | 25.2 | |||
| Demographic | ||||
| Age (years) | 21.30 | 2.65 | 18 | 33 |
| Degree program (%) | ||||
| Bachelor’s in Nutrition Sciences | 25.8 | |||
| Integrated Master’s in Medicine | 74.2 | |||
| Year of studies | 3.36 | 1.88 | 1 | 6 |
| Academic transition (%) | ||||
| Freshmen | 24.5 | |||
| Non-freshmen | 75.5 | |||
| Residence (%) | ||||
| Resident | 62.0 | |||
| Displaced | 38.0 | |||
| Dietary intake | ||||
| Total energy intake (kcal [kJ]/day) | 1901 [7954] | 475 [2000] | 348 [3131] | 4399 [18405] |
| % of total energy from UPF | 24.82 | 15.72 | 0 | 62.89 |
| FSAm-NPS DI (linked to Nutri-score) | 11.78 | 6.16 | -1.22 | 32.00 |
| FSAm-NPS DI (linked to Traffic Light) | 9.83 | 8.12 | 10.56 | 29.50 |
| Body composition | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.82 | 3.10 | 17.10 | 39.80 |
| Body mass index class (%) | ||||
| Underweight | 3.7 | |||
| Normal weight | 77.3 | |||
| Pre-obese | 17.2 | |||
| Obese | 1.8 | |||
| Waist circumference (cm) | 71.12 | 8.13 | 56.00 | 95.10 |
| Hip circumference (cm) | 97.77 | 7.12 | 83.00 | 127.00 |
| Waist-to-hip ratio | 0.73 | 0.06 | 0.60 | 0.90 |
| Fat mass (%) | 21.83 | 6.62 | 6.60 | 46.70 |
| Fat-free mass (%) | 69.20 | 23.08 | 6.20 | 93.40 |
| Physical activity | ||||
| Sedentary time (hours/day) | 11.30 | 1.79 | 2.42 | 14.93 |
| Sedentary breaks (times/day) | 160 | 36 | 93 | 322 |
| Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (minutes/day) | 54.23 | 21.78 | 4.78 | 134.61 |
| Physical activity compliance (%) | ||||
| Fulfills WHO additional recommendations | 66.9 | |||
| Fulfills WHO recommendations | 30.1 | |||
| Does not fulfill WHO recommendations | 3.1 | |||
Differences between groups were accessed by non-parametric statistical tests
UPF Ultra-processed food, FSAm-NPS DI Nutrient Profiling System of the British Food Standards Agency for Dietary Index, WHO World Health Organization