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. 2026 May 22;14:e21277. doi: 10.7717/peerj.21277

Table 2. Meta-analysis of the clinical characteristics of the high CALLY group vs. the low CALLY group.

Characteristics No. of study H (n=) L (n=) Heterogeneity (I2 %) Modle Meta-analysis
OR 95% CI P value
Sex (Male/Female) 6 1,064 1,033 0 Fixed 0.75 0.60–0.95 0.01
Differentiation (Well/Not well) 2 523 452 0 Fixed 1.08 0.81–1.43 0.60
Neoadjuvant therapy (Yes/No) 2 444 393 0 Fixed 1.45 0.97–2.16 0.07
T status (T1/Not T1) 4 750 511 0 Fixed 1.73 1.31–2.28 0.0003
Lymph node metastasis(P /N) 4 750 511 12 Fixed 0.85 0.67–1.08 0.08
Vessel invasion (P /N) 4 773 522 0 Fixed 0.73 0.57–0.93 0.03
TNM stage (I/Not I) 4 624 636 0 Fixed 1.61 1.20–2.17 0.0006
Postoperative complication (Yes/No) 2 239 459 95 Random 2.81 0.30–26.29 0.36

Notes.

H
High CALLY group
L
Low CALLY group
n
Number of patients
P
positive
N
negative
D
Differentiated
U
Undifferentiated
SCC
Squamous cell carcinoma