8-oxo-G	8-oxoguanine
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
ALS	Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
APC	Adenomatous Polyposis Coli
COPD	chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Cu	copper
CKD	chronic kidney disease
CVD	cardiovascular disease
DASH	Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension
DC	dendritic cell
DNPH	2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine
DSBs	double-strand breaks
EVs	extracellular vesicles
Fe	iron
FGF	fibroblast growth factor
Gh	guanidinohydantoin
GPx	glutathione peroxidase
GSH	glutathione
H2O2	hydrogen peroxide
HD	Huntington’s disease
HGF	hepatocyte growth factor
HIF-1	hypoxia-inducible factor-1
HNE	4-hydroxynonenal
HR	homologous recombination
Keap1-NRF2	Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
IFN	interferon
IR	ionizing radiation
LDA	lipid aldehydes
LDL	low-density lipoproteins
MAPK/ERK1/2	mitogen activated-protein kinase/extracellular-regulated kinase 1/2
MDA	malondialdehyde
MPO	myeloperoxidase
mtDNA	mitochondrial DNA
mtROS	mitochondrial ROS
NAC	N-acetylcysteine
NADPH	Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
NFK	N-formilkynurenina
NHEJ	non-homologous end joining
NK	natural killer
NO	nitric oxide
O2−	superoxide anion
OxHis	8-oxohistidine
PD	Parkinson’s disease
PI3K	phosphoinositide-3-kinase
PKD	protein kinase D
PMNs	polymorphonuclear neutrophils
RA	rheumatoid arthritis
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
SCFAs	short-chain fatty acids
SOD	superoxide dismutase
Sp	spiroiminodihydantoin
SSBs	single-strand breaks
T2D	type 2 diabetes
TAC	total antioxidant capacity
TAMs	tumor-associated macrophages
Tregs	regulatory T cells
UV	ultraviolet radiation
VEGF-A	vascular endothelial growth factor-A
VEGFR2	vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2