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. 2026 Apr 28;15(5):558. doi: 10.3390/antiox15050558
AAE Ascorbic acid equivalents
ANOVA Analysis of variance
ASE Accelerated solvent extraction
CCRD Central composite rotatable design
CE Catechin equivalents
CRSAmax Concentration of the extract that provides the maximum radical-scavenging activity
CSE Conventional solvent extraction
DAD Diode array detector
DM Dry matter
DPPH α,α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl
FRAP Ferric reducing antioxidant power
GAE Gallic acid equivalents
GRAS Generally recognized as safe
HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography
IC50 Concentration of the extract that provides 50% of the radical-scavenging activity
MAE Microwave-assisted extraction
PH Pistachio hull
RSA Radical-scavenging activity
RSAmax Maximum radical-scavenging activity
RSM Response surface methodology
TFC Total flavonoid content
THTC Total hydrolyzable tannin content
TPC Total phenolic content
TPrC Total proanthocyanidin content
TTC Total tannin content
UAE Ultrasonic-assisted extraction