| ASR | abdominosacral resection |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CI | confidence interval |
| CC | colon cancer |
| CCI | comprehensive complication index |
| CRC | colorectal cancer |
| CME | complete mesocolic excision |
| ERAS | enhanced recovery after surgery |
| HDI | human development index |
| ICU | intensive care unit |
| IQR | interquartile range |
| LOS | length of stay |
| MDT | multidisciplinary team |
| OS | overall survival |
| OR | odds ratio |
| PSM | propensity score matching |
| RAS | robot-assisted surgery |
| RC | rectal cancer |
| RCT | randomized controlled trial |
| STROBE | strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology |
| TME | total mesorectal excision |
| TNT | total neoadjuvant treatment |
| TO | textbook outcome |
| TOO | textbook oncological outcome |
| TRG | tumour regression grade |