| ACE2 | Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 |
| ADE | Antibody-dependent enhancement |
| AE | Adverse event |
| B-cell | Immune B lymphocyte |
| BLK | B-cell lymphoid tyrosine kinase |
| CAA | Coronary artery aneurysm |
| CALs | Coronary artery lesion |
| CASP3 | Caspase 3 |
| CD14 | Cluster of differentiation 14 |
| CD147 | Cluster of differentiation 147, also known as EMMPRIN (Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase Inducer), or Basigin |
| CD40 | Cluster of differentiation 40 |
| CD40L | Cluster of differentiation 40 ligand |
| CO | Carbon monoxide |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| DTaP | Diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis (whooping cough) vaccine |
| Fc | fragment crystallizable region of antibody |
| FcγR | Fc gamma receptor |
| FG | plasma fibrinogen |
| GI | gastrointestinal |
| Hep B | hepatitis B |
| Hib | Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine |
| HIT | histamine intolerance |
| HLA | human leukocyte antigen |
| IgG | immunoglobulin G |
| IGHV | immunoglobulin heavy variable gene |
| IPV | inactivated poliovirus vaccine |
| ITPKC | inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate 3-kinase C |
| IVIG | intravenous immunoglobulin |
| KCNN2 | Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N Member 2 |
| KD | Kawasaki’s disease |
| KD-MAS | Kawasaki disease complicated with macrophage activation syndrome |
| KD-N | Kawasaki’s disease in neonates |
| KDSS | Kawasaki disease shock/toxic-shock syndrome |
| KD-V | Kawasaki’s disease associated with vaccination |
| LAL | Limulus Amebocyte Lysate |
| LER | Low endotoxin recovery |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| MAMPS | Microbe-associated molecular patterns |
| matAbs | Maternally transferred antibodies |
| MCAS | Mast cell activation syndromes |
| MIS | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome |
| MIS-A | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in adults |
| MIS-C | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children |
| MIS-N | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in neonates |
| MIS-V | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome after COVID-19 vaccination |
| MMR | Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine |
| MPAs | Monocyte-platelet aggregates |
| mRNA | Messenger ribonucleic acid |
| MYH14 | Myosin heavy chain 14 |
| NA1 | Neutrophil antigen 1 |
| NO | Nitric oxide |
| NO2 | Nitric dioxide |
| NOx | Nitrogen oxide |
| O3 | Ozone |
| ORAI1 | calcium release-activated calcium modulator 1 |
| ORF | Open reading frame |
| PAMPS | pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PCT | Plateletcrit |
| PIMS-TS | Pediatric Inflammatory Syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| PM10 | Inhalable particulate matter 10 μm or smaller |
| PM25 | fine inhalable particles less than or equal to 2.5 μm in diameter |
| RBP3 | retinol-binding protein 3 |
| SAE | Serious adverse event |
| SARS-CoV-2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| sCD14 | Soluble CD14 protein |
| SMAD3 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 |
| SMAD5 | Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 5 |
| SO2 | Sulfur dioxide |
| T-cell | T lymphocyte |
| TCRBV2 | T-cell receptor Beta-chain V2 |
| TCRBV6 | T-cell receptor Beta-chain V6 |
| TGF-beta | Transforming growth factor-beta |
| TGFBR2 | Transforming growth factor-beta receptor type 2 |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| VAERS | Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System |