| AGEs | Advanced Glycation End Products |
| AKR | Aldo-Keto Reductase |
| AR | Aldose reductase |
| α-GDH | Alpha-Glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| ANSA | 8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid |
| DHAP | Dihydroxyacetone phosphate |
| DMSO | Dimethylsulfoxide |
| DNPH | 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine |
| ETVp7M | Etch Tobacco Virus Protease 7M |
| GlAR | Giardia lamblia Aldose reductase |
| GlTPI | Giardia lamblia Triosephosphate isomerase |
| G3P | Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate |
| HsAKR1-A1 | human Aldo-Keto Reductase-1 A1 |
| HsAR | human Aldo-Keto reductase-1 A1 |
| HsTPI | human Triosephosphate isomerase |
| IND | Indirubin |
| LL | Linearolactone |
| MGO | Methylglyoxal |
| MT | microtubule |
| NADP(H) | Reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate |
| NADH | reduced Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide |
| PBS | phosphate-buffered solution |
| PI | Propidium Iodide |
| RGCs | retinal ganglion cells |
| TBS-T | Trizma-Base-NaCl-Tween-20 buffer |
| TE | Trietanolamine buffer |
| TEM | Transmission Electron Microscopy |
| V-FITC | Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate staining |