AKT	protein kinase B (PKB)
AMP	adenosine monophosphate
ACE2	angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
ASH1L	ASH1-like histone lysine methyltransferase
ASIC1	acid-sensing ion channel subunit 1
ATF6	activating transcription factor 6
ATG9A	autophagy related 9A
ATGL	adipose triglyceride lipase
BMI	body mass index
BRCA	breast cancer gene
bZIP	basic leucine zipper
C/EBPα	CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha
cAMP	cyclic adenosine monophosphate
CBP	CREB-binding protein
CCL18	CC motif chemokine ligand 18
CD4+ T	cluster of differentiation 4-positive T cells
CD8+ T	cluster of differentiation 8-positive T cells
CD9	tetraspanin-29
CD68+	cluster of differentiation 68 (macrosialin)
CD163+	cluster of differentiation 163, M2-type tumor-associated macrophage marker
CLS	crown-like structures
CREB	cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein
CRTC2	CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 2
CRTC3	CREB-regulated transcription coactivator 3
ECATG9a	ATG9A analog
eIF4E	eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
ERK1/2	extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2
ETV4	ETS variant transcription factor 4
FSP1	ferroptosis suppressor protein 1
FOXO1	forkhead box protein O1
GLP-1	glucagon-like peptide-1
GPCRs	G protein–coupled receptors
H3K4me3	histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation
HER2	human epidermal growth factor receptor 2
HSL	hormone-sensitive lipase
IFN-γ	interferon-gamma
IGF-1	insulin-like growth factor 1
IHC	immunohistochemistry
IL-1β	interleukin-1 beta
IL-4	interleukin-4
IL-6	interleukin-6
IL-13	interleukin-13
IRE1	inositol-requiring enzyme 1
ISG15	interferon-stimulated gene 15
ISG56	interferon-stimulated gene 56
JAK	Janus kinase
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinase
KID	kinase-inducible domain
KLF10	Krüppel-like factor 10
LDL	low-density lipoprotein
LIPA	lipase A
LPL	lipoprotein lipase
LPS	lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinase
MASH	metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis
MHC	major histocompatibility complex
MHCII	major histocompatibility complex class II
miR-29b	microRNA-29b
miR-149	microRNA-149
miR-191	microRNA-191
MLKL	mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase
MMPs	matrix metalloproteinases
MMP9	matrix metalloproteinase-9
mTOR	mechanistic target of rapamycin
mTORC1	mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells
NK	natural killer cells
NR3C1	nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1
PAAu BPs	adipose-targeting and apoptotic cell-mimicking gold nanobipyramids
p16INK4a	cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A
p38	p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase
PD-1	programmed cell death protein 1
PERK	protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase
PI3K	phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PIP3	phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
PKR	protein kinase R (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 2)
PPAR-γ	peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma
RTKs	receptor tyrosine kinases
RIPK1	receptor-interacting protein kinase 1
RIPK3	receptor-interacting protein kinase 3
RVI	regulatory volume increase
SIK2	salt-inducible kinase 2
SMAD	mothers against decapentaplegic homolog
solTNFα	soluble tumor necrosis factor-alpha
STAT	signal transducer and activator of transcription
SGLT-2	sodium-glucose co-transporter 2
TBARS	thiobarbituric acid reactive substances
TAM	tumor-associated macrophage
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor-beta 1
TIEG1	TGFβ-inducible early gene 1
TME	tumor microenvironment
TMPRSS2	transmembrane serine protease 2
TNFα	tumor necrosis factor-alpha
TNFR1	tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1
TNFR2	tumor necrosis factor receptor type 2
TREM2	triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2
UPR	unfolded protein response
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
VLDL	very low-density lipoproteins
Wnt	wingless-related integration site
ZBP1	Z-form nucleic acid-binding protein 1
3T3-L1	3T3 Swiss albino mouse embryonal fibroblasts
8-PGF2α	8-iso-prostaglandin F2α