| Akt | protein kinase B |
| ALA | α-linolenic acid |
| AT | adipose tissue |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CIDEA | cell death-inducing DFFA-like effector A |
| CLS | crown-like structures |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| DAG | Diacylglycerol |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| EPA | eicosapentaenoic acid |
| FA | fatty acid |
| FAP | fibro-adipogenic progenitors |
| FFA | free fatty acid |
| GLUT4 | glucose transporter type 4 |
| GPR120 | G-protein coupled receptor 120 |
| GSK 3 | glycogen synthase kinase-3 |
| HbA1c | Hemoglobin A1c |
| HDL | high-density lipoprotein |
| HFD | high-fat diet |
| HOMA-IR | homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance |
| IGF | insulin-like growth factor |
| IL | interleukin |
| IMCL | intramyocellular lipids |
| IR | insulin resistance |
| IRS | insulin receptor substrate |
| IRS-1 | insulin receptor substrate 1 |
| JAK | janus kinases |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| LC | long chain |
| LDL | low-density lipoprotein |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MCP | monocyte chemoattractant protein |
| MIP | macrophage inflammatory protein |
| mTORC2 | mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 |
| n-3 | omega 3 |
| NFκB | nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells |
| NLRP3 | NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 |
| p38 MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| PGC1α | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| PKC-zeta | protein kinase C zeta |
| PPARγ | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| PRDM16 | PR domain containing 16 |
| PUFA | polyunsaturated fatty acid |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SFA | saturated fatty acid |
| SOCS | suppressor of cytokine signaling |
| STAT | signal transducer and activator of transcription |
| T2D | type 2 diabetes mellitus |
| TCA cycle | tricarboxylic acid cycle |
| TGF-β | transforming growth factor-beta |
| Th cells | T helper cells |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| UCP1 | uncoupling protein 1 |
| VLDL | very-low-density lipoprotein |
| WAT | white adipose tissue |