| AMPK | AMP-activated protein kinase |
| FYGL | Fudan–Yueyang Ganoderma lucidum proteoglycan |
| GL | Ganoderma lucidum |
| GLPs | Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides |
| GLUT4 | Glucose transporter type 4 |
| HbA1c | Glycated hemoglobin A1c |
| HOMA-IR | Homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance |
| IRS1 | Insulin receptor substrate 1 |
| NAFLD | Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| OGTT | Oral glucose tolerance test |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| T2DM | Type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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