| AITDs | Autoimmune thyroid diseases |
| APCs | Antigen-presenting cells |
| D1 | Type I iodothyronine deiodinase |
| D2 | Type II iodothyronine deiodinase |
| FXR | Farnesoid X receptor |
| HT | Hashimoto’s thyroiditis |
| I-FABP | Intestinal fatty acid-binding protein |
| IFN-γ | Interferon gamma |
| IL | Interleukin |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharides |
| NF-κB | Nuclear factor kappa B |
| SCFAs | Short-chain fatty acids |
| TGR5 | Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 |
| Th | T helper cell |
| TLR | Toll-like receptor |
| TNF-α | Tumor necrosis factor alpha |
| TPOAb | Thyroid peroxidase antibodies |
| Treg | Regulatory T cells |
| TSH | Thyroid-stimulating hormone |