| AAFP | American Academy of Family Physicians |
| ADA | American Diabetes Association |
| AI | Adequate Intake |
| BC | British Columbia (provincial guideline) |
| cB12 | Combined indicator of vitamin B12 status |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| DHA | Docosahexaenoic acid |
| EAR | Estimated Average Requirement |
| EFSA | European Food Safety Authority |
| holoTC | Holotranscobalamin |
| HR | Hazard ratio |
| IF | Intrinsic factor |
| IM | Intramuscular |
| IV | Intravenous |
| KNHANES | Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| MCI | Mild cognitive impairment |
| MMA | Methylmalonic acid |
| NHANES | National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey |
| NHG | Nederlands Huisartsen Genootschap (Dutch College of General Practitioners) |
| NICE | National Institute for Health and Care Excellence |
| PPI | Proton-pump inhibitor |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| RDA | Recommended Dietary Allowance |
| RNI | Reference Nutrient Intake |
| SC | Subcutaneous |
| tHcy | Total homocysteine |
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