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. 2026 May 18;31(10):1714. doi: 10.3390/molecules31101714
GNP Gold nanoparticle
cGNP Citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticle
CTAB Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide
PDDA Poly(dialyldimethylammonium chloride)
PSS Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
L-Cys L-cysteine
PEG-SH Mercapto polyethylene glycol
HP-β-CD 2-Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrine
CE Capillary electrophoresis
HPLC High-performance liquid chromatography
UV–Vis Ultraviolet–visible
SEM Scanning electron microscopy
DLS Dynamic light scattering
NTA Nanoparticle-tracking analysis
ROS Reactive oxygen species