SERS	Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
ML	Machine learning
SPR	Surface plasmon resonance
AgNPs	Silver nanoparticles
AuNPs	Gold nanoparticles
LSPR	Localized surface plasmon resonance
CCD	Charge-coupled device
AsLS	Asymmetric least squares
ALS	Asymmetric least squares
SNR	Signal-to-noise ratio
COW	Correlation optimized warping
DTW	Dynamic time warping
GANs	Generative adversarial networks
PCA	Principal component analysis
LDA	Linear discriminant analysis
PLS-DA	Partial least squares discriminant analysis
SVM	Support vector machines
RF	Random forests
PLSR	Partial least squares regression
CNNs	Convolutional neural networks
AUC-ROC	Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve
MSE	Mean squared error
RMSE	Root mean squared error
MAE	Mean absolute error
DT	Decision trees
NB	Naïve Bayes
KNN	K-nearest neighbors
RT	Regression trees
t-SNE	t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding
DL	Deep learning
ANNs	Artificial neural networks
MLP	Multi-layer perceptron
RNNs	Recurrent neural networks
LSTM	Long short-term memory
GRU	Gated recurrent unit
ResNet	Residual neural networks
DA	Discriminant analysis
MCR	Multivariate curve resolution
sPLS-DA	Sparse PLS discriminant analysis
ATR-FTIR	Attenuated total reflectance—Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
XAI	Explainable artificial intelligence
DNN	Deep neural network
Score-CAM	Score-weighted visual explanations for convolutional neural networks
FDTD	Finite-difference time-domain
BP	Backpropagation
cVAE	conditional variational autoencoder
2D	Two-dimensional
TMDCs	Transition metal dichalcogenides
APN	Absorption prediction network
IDN	Inverse design network
E-field	Electric-field
PU	Periodic unit
CPUs	Central processing units
PINNs	Physical information neural networks