Table 1.

Results of PERMANOVA tests evaluating the effects of caste/counterpart identity and species on microbiome community composition across different subsets of the data

Data set	Variable	Df	SumOfSqs	R 2	F	P value
Full (workers & larvae), ‘Box’ as random	Caste	1	0.37	0.12	18.59	0.000
	Species	1	0.10	0.03	5.13	0.000
	Residual	127	2.54	0.85
	Total	129	3.01	1.00
	Model R2			0.15
Workers (no ‘Box’ variable)	Counterpart identity	1	0.03	0.02	1.52	0.198
	Species	1	0.04	0.02	2.02	0.125
	Residual	86	1.50	0.96
	Total	88	1.56	1.00
	Model R2			0.04
Larvae (no ‘Box’ variable)	Counterpart identity	1	0.10	0.09	4.48	0.020
	Species	1	0.13	0.13	6.08	0.005
	Residual	38	0.84	0.79
	Total	40	1.07	1.00
	Model R2			0.21
Workers, ‘Box’ nested	Species	0	0.00	0.00	-Inf	NA
	Counterpart identity\Box	17	0.67	0.43	3.30	0.000
	Residual	69	0.83	0.53
	Total	88	1.56	1.00
	Model R2			0.47
Larvae, ‘Box’ nested	Species	0	0.00	0.00	Inf	NA
	Counterpart identity\Box	13	0.46	0.43	2.34	0.002
	Residual	25	0.38	0.36
	Total	40	1.07	1.00
	Model R2			0.64

The models include ‘Box’ either as a random factor or nested structure when applicable. Reported are degrees of freedom (Df), sum of squares (SumOfSqs), proportion of variance explained (R²), F-statistics, and associated p-values (Pr(> F) - value). Model R² refers to the total variance explained by the fixed effects in each model