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. 2026 May 21;34(6):16. doi: 10.32604/or.2026.072421
EMT epithelial-mesenchymal transition
BPH benign prostate hyperplasia
PCa prostate cancer
PI propidium iodide
DEVD-MR DEVDase enzyme activity by Magic Red stain
CD42b-PE GPIba platelet glycoprotein conjugated with phycoerythrin
ROS total reactive oxygen species
IHC immunohistochemistry
FasL type-II transmembrane protein in the tumor necrosis factor
ECM extracellular matrix
PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase
AKT Protein Kinase B
DHT Dihydrotestosterone
TURP transurethral resection of the prostate
H&E Hematoxylin-eosin
HMWCK Cytokeratin HMW
AMACR Alpha methylacyl CoA racemase
RB retinoblastoma protein
PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog
CDK cyclin-dependent kinase
Rb retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein
CKs Cleaved cytokeratins
nDNA nucleosome DNA
PD pharmacodynamics
CAD Caspase-activated endonucleases
DAMPs damage-associated molecular patterns
TNFR1 Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1
DR Death Receptor
Apo3L ligand for the death-domain-containing receptor Apo3
Smac/DIABLO Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase/direct inhibitor of apoptosis-binding protein with low pI
HtrA2/Omi serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial
Apaf-1 Apoptotic Peptidase Activating Factor 1
IAP inhibitors of apoptosis proteins
AIF Apoptosis-inducing factor
CAD carbamoyl-phosphate synthetase 2, aspartate transcarbamylase, and dihydroorotase; DAPk-Death-associated protein kinase 1
BNIP3 BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19 kDa protein-interacting protein 3
LNCaP androgen-sensitive human prostate adenocarcinoma cells
PWR-1E cells derived from non-neoplastic adult human prostate cells that were infected with the Ad12-SV40 virus
TME tumor microenvironment
TAMs Tumor-associated macrophages
PIN Prostate intraepithelial neoplasia
MAPKK7 MAPK kinase 7
8-OH-dG 8-hydroxyguanine
HIF1α hypoxia-inducible factor 1α