Table 3.
Subgroup analysis.
| Outcome indicator | Study population | Intervention duration | Intervention methods | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal elderly | MCI elderly | ≤6 weeks | ≥8 weeks | Immersive virtual reality training | Semi-immersive virtual reality training | Non-immersive virtual reality training | ||
| Global cognition | ① | 5 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 5 | |
| ② | 75% | 0% | 56% | 69% | 0% | 67% | 45% | |
| ③ | 0.63 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.64 | 0.22 | 0.81 | 0.58 | |
| ④ | [0.26, 1.00] | [0.01, 0.68] | [0.09, 0.81] | [−0.04, 1.31] | [−0.04, 0.47] | [−0.21, 1.82] | [0.26, 0.91] | |
| ⑤ | 0.0009 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.12 | 0.0005 | |
| Functional mobility | ① | 3 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 4 |
| ② | 72% | 15% | 0% | 85% | 67% | |||
| ③ | 0.49 | 0.04 | 0.29 | 0.47 | 0.40 | |||
| ④ | [0.08, 0.91] | [−0.67, 0.74] | [0.10, 0.47] | [−1.06, 2.01] | [−0.15, 0.96] | |||
| ⑤ | 0.02 | 0.92 | 0.002 | 0.55 | 0.15 | |||
Subgroup analyses were not conducted for TMT-based executive/attention-related performance because only one trial contributed relevant data. The blank spaces indicate that the sample size was insufficient to meet the minimum requirements for subgroup analysis. ① Number of studies; ② I2; ③ SMD; ④ 95%CI; ⑤ p-value.