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. 2005 Dec 27;102(52):19231–19236. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0506437103

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

ku80 phenotype: effect on DNA repair and transient and stable genetic transformation by Agrobacterium. ku80-mutant plants are blocked at the T-DNA integration but not the transient-expression step of the Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation process. (a) Stable transformation of wild-type (top) and ku80-mutant (bottom) Arabidopsis plants. Root explants were infected with a tumorigenic Agrobacterium strain, and galls were scored 4-5 weeks postinoculation, as described (32). (b and c) Transient GUS expression of wild-type (b) and ku80-mutant (c) Arabidopsis plants. Root explants were infected with a disarmed Agrobacterium strain carrying the uidA-intron gene and were stained 4-5 days postinoculation. KU80-overexpressing plants are resistant to DNA damage and show high susceptibility to Agrobacterium infection. (d) Wild-type, ku80-mutant, and KU80-overexpressing plants were germinated on MS agar, and 1-week-old plants were transferred to MS agar with or without methyl methane sulfonate (MMS), grown for an additional 5 days, and photographed. (e) Stable transformation of wild-type and KU80-overexpressing plants. Root explants were infected with a tumorigenic Agrobacterium strain and galls were scored 4-5 weeks postinoculation.