Table 2.
Dietary intake pattern of study participants, based on the data of food frequency questionary (FFQ)
| Food groups | Control group | AD group | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| I. Dairy foods (g/day) | 431.93 (261.98) | 479.167 (237.56) | 0.353 |
| [42.5–1168.0] | [115.53–1065.13] | ||
| II. Eggs, meat, fish (g/day) | 275.56 (72.57) | 282.10 (74.50) | 0.661 |
| [151.0–445.1] | [106.4–431.1] | ||
| III. Vegetables (g/day) | 740.99 (216.71) | 637.93 (259.87) | 0.0359 |
| [348.5–1187.0] | [141.1–1328.5] | ||
| IV. Fruits (g/day) | 279.45 (130.13) | 276.18 (120.98) | 0.898 |
| [61.6–894.7] | [24.2–598.5] | ||
| V. Legumes & cereals (g/day) | 225.33 (87.337) | 269.78 (122.30) | 0.0407 |
| [76.2–412.8] | [75.0–616.8] | ||
| VI. Oils & fats (g/day) | 68.59 (37.96) | 60.23 (24.85) | 0.203 |
| [19.1–228.5] | [23.5–150.8] | ||
| VII. Bakery & Pastry (g/day) | 54.46 (48.44) | 72.81 (49.53) | 0.0669 |
| [0.80–185.3] | [0.80–187.3] | ||
| VIII. Miscellaneous | 45.39 (44.16) | 44.52 (33.20) | 0.912 |
| [2.31–218.4] | [1.60–144.5] | ||
| IX. Non-alcoholic beverages (mL/day) | 1134.8 (351.8) | 1167.2 (449.6) | 0.691 |
| [557.0–1839.0] | [550.0–2639.0] | ||
| IX. Alcoholic beverages (mL/day) | 211.9 (252.72) | 191.6 (264.72) | 0.699 |
| [0.00–1075.0] | [0.00–1091.9] | ||
| Red wine (mL/day) | 82.25 (120.2) | 56.84 (103.8) | 0.265 |
| Non-consumers, (n(%)) | 16(33.3%) | 30(60.0%) | 0.0146 |
| Pattern of red wine consumption | |||
| Low (< 100 mL/day), (n(%)) | 23(71.9%) | 12(60.0%) | |
| Moderated (100–300 mL/day), (n(%)) | 7(21.9%) | 7(35.0%) | 0.636 |
| High (> 300 mL/d), (n(%)) | 2(6.2%) | 1(5.0%) | |
| Beer (mL/day) | 102.0 (176.8) | 104.6 (203.9) | 0.947 |
| Non-consumers, (n(%)) | 13(27.1%) | 24(48.0%) | 0.0388 |
| Pattern of beer consumption | |||
| Exporadic (< 330 mL/day), (n(%)) | 31(64.6%) | 20(40.0%) | 0.300 |
| Regular (> 330 mL/day), (n(%)) | 4(8.3%) | 6(12.0%) | |
Control group (n = 48), Alzheimer’s disease (AD) group (n = 50). See Supplementary Table S8 for full individual food data. Mean (standard deviation); [values range]
Mean (standard deviation) was reported for continuous variables, while n(%) was used for binary variables
For the continuous variables, t student was used to determine whether there are any statistically significant differences between the means of control and AD group
Significant differences are indicated in bold and Legends in italics indicate binary variables, n(%)