. 2026 Jun 6;16:17537. doi: 10.1038/s41598-026-55860-8

Table 2.

Adult worm burden and hepatic egg load among different Schistosoma mansoni-infected mice groups, treated with praziquantel and dapagliflozin as mono- or combined therapy.

Mice groups	Adult worm burden			Hepatic egg load/gm × 10^{3 b}
Mice groups	Male ^a	Female ^a	Total ^a	Hepatic egg load/gm × 10^{3 b}
Infected non-treated (n = 6)	13.5: 11–14	7.5: 6–10	21: 18–23	12.51 ± 0.64
DMSO (n = 5)	12: 10–14	7: 5–9	19: 17–23	12.13 ± 0.41
PZQ (n = 6)	0.5 (96.30) ^*: 0–1	1.5 (80%) ^*: 0–2	1.5 (92.86) ^*: 0–3	4.43 ± 0.91 (64.59) ^{, *}
DAPA (n = 5)	12 (11.11): 10–13	6 (20): 6–8	18 (14.29): 17–20	6.56 ± 2.52 (47.56) ^**
DAPA + PZQ (n = 6)	0.5 (96.30) ^*: 0–1	0.5 (93.33) ^*: 0–1	1 (95.24) ^*: 0–2	4.20 ± 1.12 (66.43) ^{, *}
P-value	P ≤ 0.001	P ≤ 0.001	P ≤ 0.001	P≤ 0.001

^a Kruskal Wallis (KW) test. Data are expressed as medians: minimum-maximum

^b Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Data are expressed as means ± standard deviation

Values enclosed between parentheses represent the percentage of reduction, compared to infected non-treated group

DAPA: dapagliflozin; DMSO: dimethyl sulfoxide; PZQ: praziquantel

^* Significant difference against infected non-treated, DMSO-, and DAPA-treated groups at P˂0.01

^** Significant difference against infected non-treated, and DMSO-treated groups at P˂0.001

^*** Significant difference against DAPA-treated group at P˂0.05