Table 1.
Transplant-related and donor characteristics by sex.
| Variable/Category | Male 260 (61.61%) |
Female 162 (38.38%) | Total (n=422) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic characteristics | ||||
| Age (years)* | 53 (41-66) | 44 (38-56) | 49.5 (39-64) | <0.001 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Secondary | 83 (22.30) | 53 (14.2) | 136 (36.6) | 0.697 |
| Primary | 80 (21.50) | 41 (11.0) | 121 (32.5) | |
| Technical | 30 (8.10) | 18 (4.8) | 48 (12.9) | |
| Professional | 25 (6.70) | 20 (5.4) | 45 (12.1) | |
| Postgraduate | 4 (1.10) | 3 (0.8) | 7 (1.9) | |
| No Information | 3 (0.80) | 5 (1.30) | 8 (2.2) | |
| None | 4 (1.10) | 3 (0.80) | 7 (1.9) | |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 73 (28.40) | 58 (37.40) | 131 (31.8) | 0.326 |
| Separated | 13 (5.10) | 7 (4.50) | 20 (4.9) | |
| Married | 108 (42.00) | 55 (35.50) | 163 (39.6) | |
| Common-law union | 53 (20.60) | 30 (19.40) | 83 (20.1) | |
| Widowed | 4 (1.60) | 4 (2.60) | 8 (1.9) | |
| Not declared | 6 (2.30) | 1 (0.60) | 7 (1.7) | |
| Area of residence | ||||
| Urban | 231 (56.1) | 141 (34.2) | 372 (90.3) | 0.719 |
| Rural | 26 (6.3) | 14 (3.4) | 40 (9.7) | |
| BMI | ||||
| Underweight | 12 (4.62) | 19 (11.73) | 31 (7.35) | 0.059 |
| Normal weight | 103 (39.62) | 60 (37.04) | 163 (38.63) | |
| Overweight | 57 (21.92) | 33 (20.37) | 90 (21.33) | |
| Obesity | 88 (33.85) | 50 (30.86) | 138 (32.70) | |
| Causes of ESRD | ||||
| Renal vascular disease (includes nephroangiosclerosis due to hypertension) | 95 (36.54) | 67 (41.61) | 162 (38.48) | 0.002 |
| Unknown | 57 (21.92) | 30 (18.63) | 87 (20.67) | |
| Diabetes | 41 (15.77) | 10 (6.21) | 51 (12.11) | |
| Other glomerulonephritis | 20 (7.69) | 9 (5.59) | 29 (6.89) | |
| Polycystic kidney disease | 9 (3.46) | 11 (6.83) | 20 (4.75) | |
| Systemic lupus erythematosus | 4 (1.54) | 16 (9.94) | 20 (4.75) | |
| Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis | 6 (2.31) | 6 (3.73) | 12 (2.85) | |
| IgA nephropathy | 5 (1.92) | 2 (1.24) | 7 (1.66) | |
| Familial or genetic glomerulopathy (includes Alport) | 6 (2.31) | 1 (0.62) | 7 (1.66) | |
| Others | 17(6.54) | 6 (3.70) | 27 (6.40) | |
| Clinical history | ||||
| Hypertension | 175 (67.35) | 105 (64.81) | 280 (66.35) | 0.598 |
| Diabetes | 44 (16.92) | 15 (9.26) | 59 (13.98) | 0.027 |
| Coronary artery disease | 3 (1.15) | 0 (0.00) | 3 (0.71) | 0.170 |
| Cancer | 2 (0.77) | 3 (1.85) | 5 (1.18) | 0.318 |
| Heart failure | 5 (1.92) | 1 (0.62) | 6 (1.42) | 0.270 |
| Benign prostatic hyperplasia | 4 (1.54) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.95) | 0.113 |
| HIV infection | 1 (0.38) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.24) | 0.429 |
| Hepatitis C | 1 (0.38) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.24) | 0.429 |
| Alcoholism | 4 (1.54) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (0.95) | 0.113 |
| Prior smoking | 33 (12.69) | 3 (1.85) | 36 (8.53) | <0.000 |
| Pretransplant factors | ||||
| History of blood transfusions | 182 (91.00) | 103 (83.70) | 285 (91.00) | 0.026 |
| Dialysis requirement | 190 (96.45) | 113 (96.58) | 303 (96.50) | 0.950 |
| Dialysis modality+ | ||||
| Hemodialysis | 119 (45.77) | 66 (40.74) | 185 (43.84) | 0.311 |
| Peritoneal dialysis | 84 (32.31) | 58 (35.80) | 142 (33.65) | 0.460 |
| Donor-related variables | ||||
| Donor type | ||||
| Living donor | 4 (1.54) | 11 (6.79) | 15 (3.55) | 0.005 |
| Deceased donor | 256 (98.46) | 151 (93.21) | 407 (96.45) | |
| Donor age (years)* | 40 (25-52) | 33 (24-47) | 37 (25-50) | 0.069 |
| Donor sex | ||||
| Male | 135 (69.95) | 75 (71.43) | 210 (70.47) | 0.789 |
| Female | 58 (30.05) | 30 (28.57) | 88 (29.53) | |
| Donor creatinine level (mg/dL)* | 0.74 (0.6-0.9) | 0.79 (0.6-0.99) | 0.76 (0.6-0.92) | 0.176 |
| Transplant-related variables | ||||
| Year of transplantation | ||||
| 2006-2011 | 56 (21.54) | 35 (21.60) | 91 (21.56) | 0.100 |
| 2012-2018 | 83 (31.92) | 67 (41.36) | 150 (35.55) | |
| 2019-2025 | 121 (46.54) | 60 (37.04) | 181 (42.89) | |
| Type of transplant | ||||
| Heterotopic | 191 (95.50) | 116 (94.31) | 307 (95.05) | 0.912 |
| Kidney–Heart | 2 (1.00) | 1 (0.81) | 3 (0.93) | |
| Kidney–Pancreas | 4 (2.00) | 4 (3.25) | 8 (2.48) | |
| Retransplant | 3 (1.50) | 2 (1.63) | 5 (1.55) | |
| Cold ischemia time (minutes)* | 864 (631-1040) | 807 (610-1075) | 851.5 (616-1060) | 0.580 |
| Warm ischemia time (minutes)* | 32 (23-45) | 30 (22-40) | 30 (22-45) | 0.379 |
| DGF (yes/no) | 29 (14.5) | 7 (5.7) | 36 (13.00) | 0.026 |
| The recipient’s serum creatinine level at hospital discharge (mg/dL)* | 1.59 (1.28-2.25) | 1.07 (0.815-1.50) | 1.42 (1.04-2.03) | <0.000 |
| Length of hospital stay (days)* | 9 (7-14) | 8 (7-14) | 9 (7-14) | 0.279 |
| Immunosuppressive regimen | ||||
| Mycophenolate | 198 (76.15) | 121 (74.69) | 319 (75.59) | 0.734 |
| Tacrolimus | 196 (75.38) | 120 (74.07) | 316 (74.88) | 0.763 |
| Prednisolone | 196 (75.38) | 120 (74.07) | 316 (74.88) | 0.763 |
| Everolimus | 3 (1.15) | 1 (0.62) | 4 (0.95) | 0.580 |
| Azathioprine | 1 (0.38) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.24) | 0.429 |
| Sirolimus | 1 (0.38) | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.24) | 0.429 |
| Cyclosporine | 1 (0.38) | 1 (0.62) | 2 (0.47) | 0.735 |
| Belatacept | 0 (0.00) | 1 (0.62) | 1 (0.24) | 0.205 |
*Median (Intercuartile range:IQR). +A patient could have one or both dialysis modalities. Age: years; Body Mass Index: BMI; Donor age: years; Donor creatinine level: milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL); Cold ischemia time: minutes; Warm ischemia time: minutes; Length of hospital stay: days; Delayed graft function (defined as the need for dialysis within the first 7 days after transplantation), ESRD: End state renal disease.