Table 1.
The baseline characteristics and difference between the HIPEC and non-HIPEC groups
| Before PSM | After PSM | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| level | Overall | non-HIPEC | HIPEC | p | Overall | non-HIPEC | HIPEC | p | |
| n | 166 | 125 | 41 | 120 | 80 | 40 | |||
| Age(years,%) | 72.95 ± 7.07 | 74.09 ± 7.33 | 69.49 ± 4.87 | 0.0002 | 68.93 ± 4.82 | 69.00 ± 4.90 | 68.80 ± 4.70 | 0.84 | |
| Sex(%) | male | 103 (62.1) | 79 (63.2) | 24 (58.5) | 0.727 | 80 (66.7) | 57 (71.3) | 23 (57.5) | 0.193 |
| famale | 63 (38.0) | 46 (36.8) | 17 (41.5) | 40 (33.3) | 23 (28.8) | 17 (42.5) | 0.966 | ||
| BMI(kg/m2) | 23.57 ± 3.37 | 23.59 ± 3.52 | 23.51 ± 2.92 | 0.891 | 23.38 ± 3.36 | 23.37 ± 3.59 | 23.40 ± 2.88 | 1 | |
| NRS(%) | <4 | 154 (92.8) | 118 (94.4) | 36 (87.8) | 0.286 | 104 (86.7) | 69 (86.3) | 35 (87.5) | |
| ≥ 4 | 12 (7.2) | 7 (5.6) | 5 (12.2) | 16 (13.3) | 11 (13.8) | 5 (12.5) | 0.47 | ||
| Hgb (g/L) | 116.63 ± 22.32 | 117.80 ± 21.78 | 113.07 ± 23.82 | 0.241 | 109.98 ± 27.98 | 108.66 ± 29.86 | 112.60 ± 23.93 | 0.306 | |
| Alb (g/L) | 37.01 ± 3.53 | 37.12 ± 3.61 | 36.68 ± 3.27 | 0.493 | 36.34 ± 3.45 | 36.11 ± 3.56 | 36.80 ± 3.22 | 1 | |
| Diagnosis (%) | colon | 46 (27.7) | 28 (22.4) | 18 (43.9) | 0.014 | 51 (42.5) | 34 (42.5) | 17 (42.5) | |
|
sigmoid/ rectum |
120 (72.3) | 97 (77.6) | 23 (56.1) | 69 (57.5) | 46 (57.5) | 23 (57.5) | 0.059 | ||
| Comorbidities (%) | no | 52 (31.3) | 35 (28.0) | 17 (41.5) | 0.156 | 79 (65.8) | 62 (77.5) | 17 (42.5) | |
| yes | 114 (68.7) | 90 (72.0) | 24 (58.5) | 41 (34.2) | 18 (22.5) | 23 (57.5) | 1 | ||
| Heart disease (%) | no | 79 (47.6) | 43 (34.4) | 36 (87.8) | < 0.0001 | 105 (87.5) | 70 (87.5) | 35 (87.5) | |
| yes | 87 (52.4) | 82 (65.6) | 5 (12.2) | 15 (12.5) | 10 (12.5) | 5 (12.5) | 0.84 | ||
| Hypertension (%) | no | 74 (44.6) | 51 (40.8) | 23 (56.1) | 0.126 | 94 (78.3) | 71 (88.8) | 23 (57.5) | 0.075 |
| yes | 92 (55.4) | 74 (59.2) | 18 (43.9) | 26 (21.7) | 9 (11.3) | 17 (42.5) | |||
| Diabetes (%) | no | 133 (80.1) | 97 (77.6) | 36 (87.8) | 0.232 | 106 (88.3) | 71 (88.8) | 35 (87.5) | 1 |
| yes | 33 (19.9) | 28 (22.4) | 5 (12.2) | 14 (11.7) | 9 (11.3) | 5 (12.5) | |||
| Respiratory diseases (%) | no | 162 (97.6) | 122 (97.6) | 40 (97.6) | 1 | 119 (99.2) | 80 (100.0) | 39 (97.5) | 0.723 |
| yes | 4 (2.4) | 3 (2.4) | 1 (2.4) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.5) | |||
| Cerebrovascular diseases(%) | no | 161 (97.0) | 122 (97.6) | 39 (95.1) | 0.78 | 117 (97.5) | 79 (98.8) | 38 (95.0) | 0.534 |
| yes | 5 (3.0) | 3 (2.4) | 2 (4.9) | 3 (2.5) | 1 (1.3) | 2 (5.0) | |||
| Surgery approach (%) | laparoscopy | 106 (63.9) | 79 (63.2) | 27 (65.9) | 0.905 | 81 (67.5) | 54 (67.5) | 27 (67.5) | 1 |
| laparotomy | 60 (36.1) | 46 (36.8) | 14 (34.1) | 39 (32.5) | 26 (32.5) | 13 (32.5) | |||
| Organ removal (%) | no | 149 (89.8) | 116 (92.8) | 33 (80.5) | 0.05 | 93 (77.5) | 61 (76.3) | 32 (80.0) | 0.817 |
| yes | 17 (10.2) | 9 (7.2) | 8 (19.5) | 27 (22.5) | 19 (23.8) | 8 (20.0) | |||
| Blood transfusion (%) | no | 120 (72.3) | 95 (76.0) | 25 (61.0) | 0.096 | 69 (57.5) | 45 (56.3) | 24 (60.0) | 0.845 |
| yes | 46 (27.7) | 30 (24.0) | 16 (39.0) | 51 (42.5) | 35 (43.8) | 16 (40.0) | |||
| Postoperative complications(%) | no | 126 (75.9) | 94 (75.2) | 32 (78.0) | 0.873 | 99 (82.5) | 68 (85.0) | 31 (77.5) | 0.445 |
| yes | 40 (24.1) | 31 (24.8) | 9 (22.0) | 21 (17.5) | 12 (15.0) | 9 (22.5) | |||
| Wound infection (%) | no | 152 (91.6) | 117 (93.6) | 35 (85.4) | 0.186 | 108 (90.0) | 74 (92.5) | 34 (85.0) | 0.332 |
| yes | 14 (8.4) | 8 (6.4) | 6 (14.6) | 12 (10.0) | 6 (7.5) | 6 (15.0) | |||
| Anastomotic leakage (%) | no | 165 (99.4) | 124 (99.2) | 41 (100.0) | 1 | 120 (100.0) | 80 (100.0) | 40 (100.0) | - |
| yes | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| Abdominal bleeding(%) | no | 162 (97.6) | 122 (97.6) | 40 (97.6) | 1 | 118 (98.3) | 79 (98.8) | 39 (97.5) | 1 |
| yes | 4 (2.4) | 3 (2.4) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (1.7) | 1 (1.3) | 1 (2.5) | |||
| Intestinal obstruction (%) | no | 160 (96.4) | 119 (95.2) | 41 (100.0) | 0.344 | 116 (96.7) | 76 (95.0) | 40 (100.0) | 0.369 |
| yes | 6 (3.6) | 6 (4.8) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (3.3) | 4 (5.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Abdominal complications (%) | no | 144 (86.8) | 106 (84.8) | 38 (92.7) | 0.305 | 106 (88.3) | 69 (86.3) | 37 (92.5) | 0.482 |
| yes | 22 (13.3) | 19 (15.2) | 3 (7.3) | 14 (11.7) | 11 (13.8) | 3 (7.5) | |||
| Post cardiovascular events (%) | no | 159 (95.8) | 118 (94.4) | 41 (100.0) | 0.271 | 120 (100.0) | 80 (100.0) | 40 (100.0) | - |
| yes | 7 (4.2) | 7 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| Post respiratory complications (%) | no | 165 (99.4) | 124 (99.2) | 41 (100.0) | 1 | 120 (100.0) | 80 (100.0) | 40 (100.0) | - |
| yes | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| Lower limb thrombosis (%) | no | 162 (97.6) | 121 (96.8) | 41 (100.0) | 0.567 | 120 (100.0) | 80 (100.0) | 40 (100.0) | - |
| yes | 4 (2.4) | 4 (3.2) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| Other complications (%) | no | 156 (94.0) | 115 (92.0) | 41 (100.0) | 0.136 | 119 (99.2) | 79 (98.8) | 40 (100.0) | 1 |
| yes | 10 (6.0) | 10 (8.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| Postoperative length of stay | 9.74 ± 5.13 | 9.66 ± 5.50 | 9.95 ± 3.84 | 0.757 | 8.37 ± 3.43 | 8.16 ± 3.06 | 8.79 ± 4.08 | 0.392 | |
| Histological type | Adenocarcinoma | 148 (89.2) | 111 (88.8) | 37 (90.2) | 0.796 | 107 (89.2) | 71 (88.8) | 36 (90.0) | 0.836 |
| Mucinous carcinoma | 18 (10.8) | 14 (11.2) | 4 (9.8) | 13 (10.8) | 9 (11.3) | 4 (10.0) | |||
| Difference degree (%) |
Moderately/highly differentiated |
122 (73.5) | 94 (75.2) | 28 (68.3) | 0.506 | 81 (67.5) | 54 (67.5) | 27 (67.5) | 1 |
| Poorly differentiated | 44 (26.5) | 31 (24.8) | 13 (31.7) | 39 (32.5) | 26 (32.5) | 13 (32.5) | |||
| pT (%) | T3 | 107 (64.5) | 96 (76.8) | 11 (26.8) | < 0.0001 | 33 (27.5) | 22 (27.5) | 11 (27.5) | 1 |
| T4 | 59 (35.5) | 29 (23.2) | 30 (73.2) | 87 (72.5) | 58 (72.5) | 29 (72.5) | |||
| Total degree(%) | II | 88 (53.0) | 70 (56.0) | 18 (43.9) | 0.243 | 67 (55.8) | 49 (61.3) | 18 (45.0) | 0.135 |
| III | 78 (47.0) | 55 (44.0) | 23 (56.1) | 53 (44.2) | 31 (38.8) | 22 (55.0) | |||
| ASA(%) | 1 | 38 (22.9) | 29 (23.2) | 9 (22.0) | 0.951 | 38 (31.7) | 29 (36.3) | 9 (22.5) | 0.055 |
| 2 | 106 (63.9) | 79 (63.2) | 27 (65.9) | 75 (62.5) | 49 (61.3) | 26 (65.0) | |||
| 3 | 22 (13.3) | 17 (13.6) | 5 (12.2) | 7 (5.8) | 2 (2.5) | 5 (12.5) | |||
| pN(%) | N0 | 91 (54.8) | 71 (56.8) | 20 (48.8) | 0.475 | 69 (57.5) | 49 (61.3) | 20 (50.0) | 0.327 |
| N1/2 | 75 (45.2) | 54 (43.2) | 21 (51.2) | 51 (42.5) | 31 (38.8) | 20 (50.0) | |||
“-” indicates that the event did not occur in the matched cohort after adjustment, precluding the calculation of the P-value
Bold values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05)