Table 2.
Mediation analysis (N = 1,176)
| Variable | Equation 1 (Outcome: shyness) | Equation 2 (Outcome: PSU) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | z | 95% CI | β | z | 95% CI | |
| Gender | 0.057 | 1.867 | [−0.005, 0.118] | −0.082** | −2.691 | [−0.142, −0.021] |
| Grade | −0.047 | −1.526 | [−0.108, 0.013] | 0.172** | 5.937 | [0.117, 0.229] |
| PEL | 0.104** | 3.392 | [0.045, 0.165] | 0.062* | 2.209 | [0.005, 0.106] |
| PPC | 0.304** | 8.214 | [0.231, 0.378] | 0.249** | 6.206 | [0.171, 0.327] |
| shyness | 0.291** | 7.539 | [0.216, 0.368] | |||
| R2 | 0.108 | 0.228 | ||||
PPC parental psychological control, PSU problematic smartphone use, PEL parental educational level; Bootstrap sample size = 5000. CI Confidence interval
*p < 0.05(two-tailed). **p < 0.01(two-tailed). All βs are standardized coefficients