Table 4.

30-day outcomes prior and post-Benchmark implementation by country

Outcome, n (%)		France (prior n = 322, post n = 568)	p value	Spain (prior n = 206, post n = 248)	p value	Germany (prior n = 127, post n = 235)	p value	Italy (prior n = 98, post n = 202)	p value	Austria (prior n = 67, post n = 109)	p value	p valuea
Combined end pointb	Prior	3 (1.1)	0.560	5 (2.4)	0.326	2 (1.7)	1.000	2 (2.2)	0.683	2 (3.4)	0.126
	Post	10 (1.9)		10 (4.1)		5 (2.4)		4 (4.3)		0 (0.0)		0.094
All-cause mortality	Prior	0 (0.0)	0.305	1 (0.5)	1.000	0 (0.0)	0.531	1 (1.1)	0.492	0 (0.0)	–
	Post	4 (0.8)		1 (0.4)		2 (1.0)		0 (0.0)		0 (0.0)		0.913
Stroke/TIA	Prior	2 (0.8)	1.000	3 (1.5)	0.518	2 (1.7)	1.000	2 (2.2)	0.683	1 (1.7)	0.358
	Post	5 (1.0)		6 (2.5)		3 (1.4)		4 (4.2)		0 (0.0)		0.074
Life-threatening bleeding	Prior	2 (0.8)	0.606	5 (2.4)	0.439	1 (0.9)	1.000	2 (2.2)	1.000	1 (1.7)	1.000
	Post	2 (0.4)		9 (3.7)		1 (0.5)		3 (3.2)		1 (0.9)		0.002
AKI (stage 2/3, incl. dialysis)	Prior	0 (0.0)	–	4 (2.0)	1.000	0 (0.0)	–	0 (0.0)	0.497	0 (0.0)	0.538
	Post	0 (0.0)		4 (1.7)		0 (0.0)		2 (2.2)		2 (1.9)		0.002
Coronary obstruction requiring intervention	Prior	1 (0.4)	0.337	1 (0.5)	1.000	3 (2.6)	0.671	0 (0.0)	1.000	0 (0.0)	–
	Post	0 (0.0)		1 (0.4)		3 (1.5)		1 (1.1)		0 (0.0)		0.033
Major vascular complications	Prior	6 (2.3)	0.603	9 (4.4)	0.937	7 (5.9)	< 0.001	6 (6.7)	0.528	4 (6.8)	0.056
	Post	9 (1.7)		11 (4.5)		0 (0.0)		4 (4.3)		1 (0.9)		0.004
Re-hospitalization (all-cause)	Prior	8 (3.0)	0.746	9 (3.7)	0.650	2 (1.7)	0.716	0 (0.0)	1.000	2 (3.4)	0.618
	Post	18 (3.5)		6 (2.9)		6 (2.9)		0 (0.0)		2 (1.9)		0.393

Bold formatting indicates statistical significance

AKI acute kidney injury, TIA transitory ischaemic attack, pts patients

^aCross-country comparison post-Benchmark implementation (Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test)

^bIncludes all-cause mortality, stroke/TIA, and valve-related re-hospitalization[27]