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. 2005 Nov 10;3:69. doi: 10.1186/1477-7525-3-69

Table 4.

Mean change in QUALIOST® scores according to type of fracture

Type of fracture Physical Emotional Total
Mean (± 95% CI) Effect Size Mean (± 95% CI) Effect Size Mean (± 95% CI) Effect Size
Osteoporotic (N = 429) 2.99 (± 1.96) 0.14 1.70 (± 1.77) 0.09 2.22 (± 1.70) 0.12
Vertebral (N = 315) 3.59 (± 2.34) 0.17 2.15 (± 2.09) 0.11 2.73 (± 2.01) 0.15
Clinical vertebral (N = 169) 4.90 (± 3.39) 0.22 3.91 (± 2.96) 0.20 4.34 (± 2.91) 0.22
Painful vertebral (N = 89) 5.84 (± 4.43) 0.61 5.62 (± 3.81) 0.46 5.71 (± 3.79) 0.59

Mean change measured between baseline and endpoint

ES = (mean at endpoint – mean at baseline)/standard deviation of change