| H2 | Molecular hydrogen |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| RNS | reactive nitrogen species |
| MQC | Mitochondrial Quality Control |
| AMPK | AMP-Activated Protein Kinase |
| UPRmt | unfolded protein response |
| OXPHOS | oxidative phosphorylation |
| HRW | Hydrogen-Rich Water |
| PK | Pharmacokinetics |
| LPS | Lipopolysaccharide |
| IMM | inner mitochondrial membrane |
| ETC | electron transport chain |
| ΔΨm | mitochondrial membrane potential |
| PCET | proton-coupled electron transfer |
| SAH | subarachnoid hemorrhage |
| HO-1 | heme oxygenase-1 |
| SOD2 | mitochondrial superoxide dismutase 2 |
| PGC-1α | Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-Alpha |
| TFAM | mitochondrial transcription factor A |
| Drp1 | dynamin-related protein 1 |
| MFF | mitochondrial fission factor |
| Mfn1/2 | mitofusin 1/2 |
| OPA1 | optic atrophy 1 |
| PINK1 | PTEN-induced kinase 1 |
| OGD/R | oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation |
| CLP | cecal ligation and puncture |
| TEM | transmission electron microscopy |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| CPT1A | Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase 1A |
| TCA | Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle |
| ULK1 | Unc-51 Like Autophagy Activating Kinase 1 |
| FASN | Fatty Acid Synthase |
| SCD1 | Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 |
| T2DM | Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus |
| β-HB | β-hydroxybutyrate |
| PD | Parkinson’s disease |
| AD | Alzheimer’s disease |