| PD-1 | Programmed cell death protein-1 |
| PD-L1 | Programmed cell death ligand 1 |
| PD-L2 | Programmed cell death ligand 2 |
| STAT1 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 |
| STAT3 | Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 |
| ccRCC | Clear cell renal cell carcinoma |
| RCC | Renal cell carcinoma |
| TME | Tumor microenvironment |
| ICI | Immune checkpoint inhibitor |
| NSCLC | Non-small cell lung cancer |
| IFN-γ | Interferon-γ |
| SEM | Standard error of the mean |
| qRT-PCR | Quantitative Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction |
| IMDM | Iscove’s Modified Dulbecco’s Medium |
| PVDF | Polyvinylidene difluoride |
| CTLA-4 | Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte-Associated Protein 4 |
| SDS-PAGE | Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis |
| IFNGR1 | Interferon Gamma Receptor 1 |
| IFNGR2 | Interferon Gamma Receptor 1 |
| JAK | Janus kinase |
| PI3K | Phosphoinositide 3-kinase |
| AKT | Protein Kinase B |
| mTOR | Mammalian target of rapamycin |