| BC | Black corncob |
| BC-AuNPs | Black corncob–gold nanoparticles |
| UV-Vis | Ultraviolet–visible |
| FTIR | Fourier-transform infrared |
| TEM | Transmission electron microscopy |
| HRTEM | High-resolution transmission electron microscopy |
| SEM | Scanning electron microscope |
| DLS | Dynamic light scattering |
| Z-potential | Zeta potential |
| MIC | Minimum inhibitory concentrations |
| AMR | Antimicrobial resistance |
| LC-MS | Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry |
| MS | Mass spectrometry |
| MS2 | Secondary mass spectrometry |
| MBC | Minimum bactericidal concentration |
| TIC | Ion current chromatogram |
| SPR | Surface plasmon resonance |
| AuNPs | Gold nanoparticles |
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