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. 2026 May 30;15(11):4247. doi: 10.3390/jcm15114247
ABVN Auricular branch of the vagus nerve
ARAS Ascending reticular activating system
BFI Brief Fatigue Inventory
CAP Cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway
CENTRAL Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
CI Confidence interval
FSS Fatigue Severity Scale
GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale
GRADE Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations
HRV Heart rate variability
JADAD Jadad quality assessment scale
LC Locus coeruleus
LF/HF Low-frequency/high-frequency (HRV ratio)
NTS Nucleus tractus solitarius
PASC Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2
PCC Post-COVID-19 condition
PCFS Post-COVID-19 Functional Status scale
PEDro Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale
PHQ-9 Patient Health Questionnaire-9
PRISMA Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews
RCT Randomized controlled trial
RMSSD Root mean square of successive differences (HRV parameter)
RoB 2 Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool
SARS-CoV-2 Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
SDNN Standard deviation of normal-to-normal intervals (HRV parameter)
SWiM Synthesis Without Meta-Analysis
taVNS Transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation
VNS Vagus nerve stimulation